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TESTIMONIALS

FIND MORE TESTIMONIALS FROM A I U STUDENTS HERE: www.aiu.edu/Testimonials.aspx

María Moreno
Bachelor of Hispanic Literature
August 6, 2021
“Atlantic International University meets its promise of providing a great opportunity to students “set forth a path uniquely tailored to the needs, interests, opportunities, and real world demands that surround each student. The Virtual Campus and MyAIU platform bring online learners closer to the university than ever before.” While the delivery method used by AIU is not for everyone, those looking for flexibility, affordability, and strong support, will place the perfect place at AIU; it was great for me. Studying at distance is not an easy task, it requires lots of commitment, self-empowering, and strong focus on your ultimate goal to move forward and achieve the desired results; with the constant support and follow up received by AIU’s outstanding team, the burden of this challenge was manageable; I cannot thank them enough. It was very valuable for me, to experience the large amounts of academic resources and courses available; I was given the opportunity to excel on performance by working on areas of knowledge I was interested the most and, creating a final project for my Master’s degree on specialized subject incorporating influences of the current environment. Keep in mind that becoming an AIU’s student comes with higher expectation of yourself as a human being; constantly looking to positively influence its students AIU upholds and commits to the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights and the 17 sustainable development goals. I find this side of AIU a to be an example for other academic institutions; as an individuals your thinking and your will gets empower to make a difference in your community and in the World. I am very satisfied with my experience at Atlantic International University, I would definitively recommend to others reaching to advance personally, academically, and professionally... Read full text: https://www.aiu.edu/Testimonialdetail. html?ItemID=1750&rcid=73&pcid=63&cid=73

Adeola Essien
Doctor of Entrepreneurship, Research
and Business Management August 12/, 2021

“I’m writing to let you know that I finished my doctorate at Atlantic International University and to tell you about my unique experience. Writing about my time at AIU brings back good memories. From the moment I arrived at AIU, I had a fantastic time. AIU made every effort to ensure that I could pursue my lifetime desire of obtaining a Ph.D. in order to better position myself to achieve my full potential. I obtained the necessary cash assistance. Atlantic International University made sure I understood that I am one-of-a-kind and unrepeatable, and they made sure I was one-of-a-kind and unrepeatable. The seminars were crucial life lessons for me, exposing me to the concept of interconnectedness and how to apply the knowledge I gained at AIU to better my life and society. My majors’ learning methods were intriguing. The lessons in SDGs and human rights allowed me to gain a deeper understanding of the world and where I need to contribute. Anyone who does not go through these lessons, in my opinion, will never truly know who they are or maximize their potential. The team’s support and encouragement, including Dr. Valcin, Dr. Lambert, all of my advisors, my one-of-a-kind Tutor, Schadrack and the rest of the finance and administrative personnel. I am grateful to each and every one of you. Thank you for being a part in making my aspirations come true. I strongly advise anyone seeking a true and comprehensive education to enroll at Atlantic International University.

Netsanet Takele Tsegaw
Doctor of Education
August 20, 2021

“I am result oriented and selfmotivated team player with vast professional experience, demonstrated at various levels of work including curriculum development, departmental duties, mainstreaming and coordinating school activities, capacity building, program of new teachers. Fifteen years of solid work experience with international organizations have equipped me with the necessary skills needed for managing international and local school programs, developing partnerships, networking and working in multi-racial and cultural societies. I forced myself to continue my education so that I will be more helpful to my students and the community as a whole. My accomplishment at Atlantic International University is a blessing in a disguise during this rough and difficult ongoing global pandemic Corona virus disease. In terms of experience at AIU, it is beyond my words. Atlantic International University not only encourages me to be academically strong but also causes me to be a better teacher and person in life.

Publications by Students: aiu.edu/StudentPublication.html

The life of a seafarer a post covid-19 strategy

Capt. Paul Mandela Ogoun | Doctorate in Transportation & Logistics | Part 2/2

Post Covid-19 Strategy In the aspect of post covid-19 strategy in respect to the life of seafarers; steps should be taken in to manage the processes involved in embarkation and debarkation of the seafarers and the ship as a whole. Where it comes to the processes of embarkation and boarding proper, it is imperative for ship operators put into consideration a requirement whereby the seafarers are mandated to complete a period referred to as shipboard self-distancing (SSD) upon embarkation. The interest therein is to proffer effective time and means to monitor the health of the seafarers and to manage the risk in case of any possible asymptomatic infection at the time of embarkation. However, it is the author’s view that there may not be any need of the processes stated above where mandatory quarantine for a minimum period of 14 days is implemented in the country of embarkation and was already completed by the seafarer before embarkation17 In the same manner, ship operators ought to have a specific definition of what constitutes the elements and period of SSD and such should be followed. Based on recommendations; seafarers ought to adopt, adapt, and practice SSD for the first 14 days upon embarkation, the question it raises is whether or not such practice should prejudice seafarers from performance of their assigned duties and responsibilities. Where maintaining appropriate distancing or reducing the rate of close contact appears to be complex or nearly impossible, it is suggested that ship operators should mandate the seafarers in consideration to always put on a face mask, engage in a regular hand washing and abide an appropriate and effective respiratory hygiene. Recommendations on effective SSD practices for seafarers involve the following18:

• Maintaining a WHO recommended social distance of at least one metre when working alongside other seafarers to the extent possible; • Avoiding all non-essential contact or close proximity with other seafarers and any other persons; • Using external stairways/ escape routes and walkways to move around the ship when possible, but only if conditions and circumstances permit and it is safe to do so; • Disinfecting their own work areas, equipment and tools as appropriate after use; • Refraining from using any common areas on board, such as the mess/day room, laundry area or recreational areas when being used by others, unless special arrangements or measures are in place; • Returning to their cabin immediately after completing work hours; • Remaining in their cabin during rest hours, except when arrangements or measures are in place to permit them to spend some rest time on deck; and • Receiving and eating all meals in their cabin, provided it is safe to do so. Disembarkation of seafarers (and any passengers) from ships needs to be carefully managed to reduce the risk of being infected with the covid- 19 during disembarkation from the ship (including interaction with any personnel or infrastructures in the port/terminal). The health of seafarers should be monitored prior to disembarkation to ensure that, as far as reasonably practicable, they are sufficiently healthy to disembark and travel for the purposes of repatriation. Measures to monitor and assess the health of seafarers (and any passengers) at the time of disembarkation include screening questionnaires, temperature scanning or measurement, and testing. Ship operators may be advised that testing is available in ports or terminals for seafarers (and any passengers) who will be disembarking from the ship. Currently, it is imperative that any form of testing ought to be done by delegates from the health departments of the Port. In a case where and when a seafarer had earlier tested positive to covid-19; it is imperative that a fresh medical assessment be conducted ashore prior to any travelling.

Accordingly, seafarers and any other passengers on board must be directly contacted and enquiries made as per any subsisting and recent illnesses in any form. Where a seafarer or any passenger falls under the criteria for being conditioned as a probable carrier of the pandemic, such seafarer or passenger ought to be isolated and followed in the most appropriate manner. Thus, all probable cases should be recorded in a special medical log book19. For the purpose of safety measures and SSD, it is necessary to also put into perspective the conditioning as it relates to persons who may be classified as close contact. This is because measures taken in any given probable case should be extended to a close contact. For the foregoing purposes; a person is categorized as a close contact in any of the following instances20: • Has stayed in the same cabin with a suspect/confirmed COVID-19 case; • Has had close contact within one metre or was in a closed environment with a suspect/ confirmed COVID-19 case (for example tank work, shared watch in an engine control room, eaten a meal with); • Participated in the same immediate travelling group without quarantine before embarking the ship; • Is a cabin steward who cleaned the cabin; or • Is a medical support worker or other person providing direct care for a COVID-19 suspect or confirmed case. Notwithstanding the instances stated above, where it is observed and confirmed that there is widespread transmission in a ship; it follows that all persons on board the ship could possibly be considered as close contacts owing to the probable high risk exposure. Generally, the measure to be taken in respect to close contacts is that where practicable, they should proceed on self-isolation in their respective cabin; where such is not practicable as a result of their individual roles on board and the need to maintain operational demands and requisites of the ship; the seafarers and any other concerned passengers must ideally do the following21: • Self-monitor for COVID-19 symptoms, including fever of any grade, cough or difficulty breathing, for 14 days from their last exposure; • Immediately self-isolate and contact health services in the event of any symptom appearing within 14 days. (If no symptoms appear within 14 days of their last exposure, the contact person is no longer considered likely to develop COVID-19); and • Practice SSD, wear a medical mask, ensure regular hand washing and good respiratory hygiene. It is required that the health authorities of the Port (State) must be informed in any suspicious case and the authorities may possibly make provisions and guidelines setting out the approaches and strategies to be applied as measures in relation to persons classified as close contacts and other persons – all in accordance to measures applicable within the locality of the port. Such requirements may include but not limited to the following22: • Active monitoring by the port health authorities for 14 days from last exposure; • Daily monitoring (including fever of any grade, cough or difficulty breathing); In any state where quarantine measures are to be followed; the WHO guidance on individuals’ quarantine in respect to covid-19 should be followed. It is important for ships to be given a pre-notice to enable them to identify close contacts and trace accordingly especially in a case where any personnel subsequently after disembarking feels ill with any or all symptoms of covid-1923.

The assessment of close contacts and appropriate advice as to testing, medical management, further isolation/quarantining and contact tracing, etc. ought to be continued by the national authorities of the Port upon the ship being docked. The risk assessment to be conducted by the authorities will be for the purpose of contacts’ identifications as well as proffering instructions and measures to be followed until the laboratory test results are made available. Where persons on board are found to fall under the definition of a close contact; it is required that they should either remain on board in the ship and in their cabin, or at a facility ashore designated; such should be done pending when the laboratory result for the suspect case is made available. The option of making a transfer to an onshore facility may not be possible unless the ship is at a point of turnaround port, where embarkation/disembarkation of passengers or transfer of cargo takes place24. In a case where persons on board do not fall under the definition of a close contact; they are considered as having low risk exposure; however, it is necessary that a request be made to such persons wherein they are meant to state out their contact details and the locations/places they will be residing for the 14 days after disembarkation. As an addendum, concrete details regarding signs and symptoms of covid-19 and other key information on the pandemic should be given to the persons. In the attempt to restrict the spreading and transmission of the disease on board, isolation prior embarkation and after disembarkation appears to be a key factor. Until covid-19 have entirely be extinguished or weakened; unless a further assessment on shore-side is done or a wholesome resolutions of the symptoms; a seafarer must be treated as a positive case. Since the seafarer will not be given room to work, it is likely that a risk assessment which ascertains the possibility of safe operations on board the ship in such circumstances. Such step may extend to a form of consultation with the management at shore-side or a medic as the case may be. However, such procedures should be executed in company with the flag State25. Where there is a suspected case on board, the competent authority belonging to the next port should be ideally informed. However, where the ship under consideration is one considered to be on an international voyage; MDH should be completed and transmitted to the competent authority as recommended by the International Health Regulations (IHR) and local requisites. Also in consideration is whether or not the next port has the needed capacity to transport, isolate and proffer care for the suspected case. Where the next port of call does not have the needed capacity, the ship may where possible but at its own risk to proceed to another nearby port where the requisite capacity is available26. It is imperative for precautions should be taken and given at the medical facility of the ship. Considerably, persons in charge for medical care, assessment, etc. on board should be mandated to make use of PPE. Where there is a suspect case, the following precautions should be taken27:

• All suspect cases must be isolated; • Patients must cover their nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing; or a flexed elbow They should then clean their hands with an alcohol-based hand rub (at least 65–70%) or soap and water for 20 seconds; • Careful hand washing should occur after contact with respiratory secretions, e.g. mucus and blood; • Suspect cases must wear a medical mask once identified and be evaluated in a private room with the door closed, ideally an isolation room; • Any person entering the room must use PPE that should include a medical mask that covers the mouth and nose, goggles or a visor, a plastic apron or impermeable gown if this is available and disposable, nonsterile gloves; and • After preliminary medical examination, if the person(s) responsible for on board medical care believes a suspect case exists, the patient should remain isolated. Persons with respiratory symptoms not considered suspect cases should not return to any places where they will be in contact with others on board. A post covid-19 strategy in respect to seafarers should incorporate cleaning, disinfection and waste management, especially in respect to on board case management. Cabins and quarters where patients and close contacts used must be cleaned for the protocols for the cleaning and disinfection for infected cabins. Likewise, environmental surfaces ought to be thoroughly cleaned while making use of hot water, disinfectants and other cleaning agents. Also, surface areas where people usually touch or use should be cleaned and disinfected accordingly. Where a patient has been discharged or left the ship, the staff while wearing PPE should thoroughly clean the isolation cabin or quarters and disinfect all areas completely28. Accordingly, laundry, utensils and wastes from cabins used by suspect cases and close contacts should be considered as categorically infectious and should be handled in similar ways in which general infectious objects are to be handled. When the items and surfaces are to be cleaned and disinfected, safety gloves should be used and afterward disposed into a bin. A flow of information about persons in isolation should be encouraged and regular communications shared across departments in ships as well29. Where there are relevant policies and procedures or any form of legal or regulatory requirements for the purpose of managing the risks; shipping companies should necessarily take steps sure towards compliance by communicating contents thereof to the persons on board so as to minimise any form of risk of infection and to facilitate timeous detection and isolation. Other considerations may include30: Keeping full visibility of their officers and crew and especially supporting those on board vessels who cannot repatriate due to travel restrictions; Identifying critical voyages whereby crew may not be able to get on board due to port lockdowns; Identifying cases of seafarers who will extend their on boarding period beyond the eligible timeframes, and evaluate regulatory implications Developing programs for the wellbeing of seafarers spending an excessive amount of time on board the vessels

Conclusion
This study has attained its aim of discussing the life of a seafarer and proffering post covid-19 strategy in that respect. The study was able to sustain the argument that the point of services of a seafarer is a key term in defining who a seafarer is; therefrom a seafarer carries out ship-related services while on board a ship at sea and not at the port. The study showed that there are series of activities which seafarers are mandated to do which in most cases deny the seafarers ample opportunities of being with family, friends and relatives for a usual period of time; thereby compelling them to adopt and adapt to coping strategies which aids them to manage and deal with issues relating but not limited to depression, loneliness, fears, anxiety, helplessness, etc. The study was able to show that although, covid-19 had impacts and implications on all or most sectors of the economy across the globe; it is evidently observed that covid-19 had its strokes on seafarers in a great extent which may be attributable to the nature of the seafarers’ jobs. This study made germane efforts in providing salient and effective post covid-19 strategy which may be applied in the life of a seafarer. Interestingly, the study discussed the meaning of a seafarer, the job descriptions and the post covid-19 strategy in respect to the life of a seafarer. Finally, it is recommended inter alia that Shipboard Self-Distancing and effective safety measures be adopted at the point of embarkation and disembarkation from the ship.

BIBLIOGRAPHY. BBC, Seafarers in limbo as coronavirus hits shipping; 2020; Available on https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-52289303 [Accessed 12 May, 2021] | British Ports Association, UK Ports: Coronavirus Economic Recovery Plan 2020 and Beyond. London; | Coutroubis, A. D. Menelaou, A. A. and Adami, E. ‘Impact of coronavirus disease (covid-19) on seafarers’ life and well-being’, International Journal of Tropical Disease & Health 41(21): 16-27, 2020; | IMarEST (2020), Marine Professional, How Project Hygiea plans to save cruise sector from COVID-19; 2020. Available on https://www.imarest.org/themarineprofessional/interactions/item/5685-howproject-10iea-plans-tosave- cruise-sectorfrom-covid-19?utm_source=email&utm_medium=TMP%20Weekly&utm_campaign=Resend%20V2%20of%2026- 06- 2020 [Accessed on 13 May, 2021]; | International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), Global Supply and Demand for Seafarers. Available on https://www.icsshipping.org/shipping-facts/shipping-andworld-trade/ global-supply-and-demand-forseafarers [Accessed 13 May, 2021] | International Chamber of Shipping, ‘Coronavirus (covid-19) guidance for ship operators for the protection of the health of seafarers’ (London: Marisec Publications; 2020) | International Labour Organisation (ILO), Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 as amended, (MLC 2006). Available on https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/ en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:91:0::NO::P91_SECTION:MLCA_AMEND_A2 Accessed 13 May, 2021] | International Maritime Organisation, IMO, Circular Letter No.4204/Add.14, ‘Coronavirus (COVID-19) – Recommended framework of protocols for ensuring safe ship crew changes and travel during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic; 2020.; | International Transport Federation (ITF). Available on https://www.itfglobal.org/en [Accessed 14 May, 2021]; | ITF Agreements. Available on https:// www.itfseafarers.org/en/your-rights/itf-agreements [Accessed 13 May, 2021] | Maritime and Coast Guard Agency (MCA), MGN 477(M), Maritime Labour Convention, 2006: Seafarers’ Employment Agreements; 2020. Available on https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_ data/file/558110/MGN_477_MLC_SEAs.pdf [Accessed on 13 May, 2021] | STATISTA, Number of ships in the world merchant fleet as of January 1, 2019, by type; 2020. Available on https://www.statista. com/statistics/264024/number-of-merchant-shipsworldwideby-type [Accessed 14 May, 2021] | TIME magazine: World Health Organization Declares COVID-19 a 'Pandemic.'; 2020. Available on https://www. time.com/5791661/whocoronavirus-pandemic-declaration/ [Accessed on 13 May, 2021) | United Kingdom, Contingency planning for a possible influenza pandemic. 2006; Version 2. Available on https:// www.gov.uk/government/publications/contingency-planning-for-apossible-flu-pandemic [Accessed 13 May, 2021] | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, ‘COVID-19 and maritime transport: Impact and responses’; UNCTAD, 2020. | United States of America, Department of Homeland Security, ‘National Strategy for Pandemic Flu’; 2009. Available on https://www.dhs.gov/nationalstrategypandemicflu#:~: text=The%20National%20Strategy%20To%20Safeguard%20Against%20The%20Danger-address%20the%20threat%20 of%20avian%20and%20pandemic%20flu [Accessed 13 May, 2021];

Dear world: where are they taking you?

By Dr. Rosa Hilda Lora M. Advisor at AIU | [email protected]

The human beings inhabiting planet Earth have created a society with an incredible development of science and technology. Communication in seconds to any place; Global trade, Remote jobs, Health Services with smart operating rooms, Space research. The imagination falls short. Unfortunately, those who benefit the most are the 10% owner of the world’s wealth. That 10% owner of world wealth walk without looking at the paths they have taken because we are also in an unimaginable global situation. On planet Earth, in the place where until now we can live at the same time as the world of the 10% owner of wealth, we have a global pandemic, unemployment because production and consumption have decreased, areas being consumed by fire, services of saturated health, students receiving classes from their homes and hurricanes and floods everywhere.

This has been a crisis for a year and a half in which we coexist with the pandemic. Ah! But now we have another guest at Baltazar’s dinner: geopolitical change. To end World War II, the European countries that formed the allies: United Kingdom of Great Britain, France, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), Holland, Belgium and others had the support of the United States (USA), who entered this war because of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The Berlin-Tokyo-Rome axis was those faced by the allies. The peace of this war occurred in 1945 after the atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This was on August 6th and 9th. On August 15, Japan declared unconditional surrender.

With the end of World War II, the global organizations that we now have were formed whose purpose is to prevent a third war. Those are: · The United Nations (UN) 1945 · The International Monetary Fund (IMF) 1945 · The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 1949 · The Organization of American States (OAS) 1948 The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 15 republics, begins an expansionist path with an ideology opposed to United States and they separate. The USSR, which was formed in 1920, disappears when it is engulfed by the economy in 1980. In 1991 the USSR becomes the Russian Federation. The world in which we live today presents a global crisis. Aristotle must be smiling: not that reasoning doesn’t matter, the logic happened many years ago, logic for what. We talk about leadership and the world we live in. The US was a major factor in ending World War II and became a leader. The USSR, today the Russian Federation, also fighting for its part of the world. Ah, but the stone guest appeared! The change in geopolitics, in this 2021, has been marked by the US withdrawal from Afghanistan.

Many countries even those in the US area of influence always complaining that if the imperialism was to blame for their economic and social problems. Now who is going to defend us? We have to unite with those who were our enemies so that they don’t attack us because our leader left us alone. This leader, who took advantage of us for 70-odd years and left us alone. This leader who didn’t tell us what he was going to do and now we have to unite for whatever. The leader says: I can’t talk to you because you proclaim everything. I’m tired of giving them money to support this and that and they complain but don’t say everything they receive. I’m tired of these children who just want benefits. It turns out that the leader has his problems: I have a pandemic, a lot of children who don’t want to be vaccinated. I need to generate wealth because production is not going well. I need to end the fires, the floods and the hurricanes and these children wait and wait for me to take care of them. I’m going to see a way out of all this. Ah! Money, let’s see. You wanted to be free. You are already free and now you don’t know what to do. Oh who sent me to have so many children! Geopolitics begins to change. We have to think to make this world a livable place for everyone. We have a lot of science but at the same time the 10% owner of the wealth wants to make everything: marketing for marketing.

They own everything: means of production, means of communication, technology and natural resources. If it’s produced only by producing without importing any resource: so simple if a welfare society is not generated for all there is no sustainable development. Without consumption according to welfare laws for human beings and for the planet we’ll continue at the point where we are: the pandemic mutating every day, many protesting because they don’t know the meaning of the word freedom, hospitals and medical services saturated, major droughts, floods, hurricanes and famine looming for some countries. We are ending everything and without welfare for all. According Carl Sagan: this is the only place we can live; in this Pale Blue Dot. Dear world: Where are they taking you?

BIBLIOGRAPHY. Sagan, Carl. (2003). El Punto azul Pálido, una visión del futuro humano en el espacio. México: Planeta. Retrieved from: https://lasteologias.files.wordpress.com/2008/06/sagan-carl-un-punto-azul-palidouna- vision-del-futuro-humano-en-el-espacio.pdf

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