April 2022 Edition!
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AIU News + Essays + Education + Culture + Science + Technology + Art + Design + Body + Mind + Environment + Human Rights + American History + About AIU
FEBRUARY 24, 2022.
Atlantic International
University is
delighted to share
the Thesis Defense of
one of our students,
Sylvia Chibuike, from
Nigeria, which was
graded with an A. The thesis
was titled, “Assessment of the
impacts of Covid-19 lockdown
on sexual violence against the
adolescent children to accelerate
prevention and speak-out
culture in Nigeria.”
Abstract: The study on the
assessment of the impacts of
COVID-19 lockdown on sexual
violence against the adolescent
children to accelerate prevention
and speak-out culture
in Ondo State was
conducted to document
1) the prevalence
rate of all forms
of sexual harassment
against the adolescent
children during the
year 2020 COVID-19
lockdown exercise, 2) identify
barriers against speaking-out
and seeking for justice, 3)
demystify who the perpetrators
are to the survivors, 4)
evaluate the actions taken by
the survivors; and 5) evaluate
the outcomes of the actions
taken. Data collection methods
used in the study were mixed
methods which involved faceto-
face interviews to ascertain
responses from the service providers, Focused Group
Discussion, and structured
questionnaires administered to
291 secondary school students
selected from six different
schools to establish responses
from participants. Information
collected from these
instruments was collated and
analyzed with a table, simple
percentage, mean score, and
charts. The results showed that
there is an information gap, as
most of the respondents are
not informed about their Rights
to justice as per actions to take
and the authorities to report to
when sexually harassed, hence
low speak out rate and high
rate of unreported cases.
Sylvia Chibuike completed a
Doctorate Program in Gender
and Development Studies at Atlantic
International University.
FEBRUARY 22, 2022.
The Review Committee
for the Twentythird
International
Conference on
Knowledge, Culture,
and Change in
Organizations, has
accepted Dr. Siva
Mahendran to participate in an
international conference hosted
by the University of Auckland,
New Zealand. His presentation
proposal “Coaching And
Mentoring For
Workplace Learning”
was approved.
The conference
will be held on Jan
19, 2023 – Jan 20,
2023 at The University
of Auckland,
Auckland, New Zealand.
The annual conference is
an integral component of the
Organization Studies Research
Network. Founded in 1993,
Organization Studies Research Network comes together
around a common concern
for, and a shared interest to
explore, new possibilities in
knowledge, culture and change
management, within the
broader context of the nature
and future of organizations and
their impact on modern society.
You can find regularly updated
information about the
conference on their website:
https://organization-studies.
com/2023-conference
MARCH 3, 2022.
AIU is delighted
to share the
Thesis Defense
of one of our
students, Irene
Ansah, from New York, USA,
which was graded with an A.
Irene is aiming at becoming
a licensed clinical psychologist
who will be providing services
to all age groups across the
world. She also plans to use
the knowledge and experience
gained in her program to
further human rights and the 17
Goals for a Sustainable World by
the United Nations by providing
services through diagnoses,
treatment, and interventions
to resolve mental health issues
in communities in several
countries including African.
This will improve health and
education, reduce inequality,
and spur economic growth.
Abstract: This comprehensive
paper is the integration of all
that this writer have learned in
her past education and life experience.
The final thesis offers
a unique and innovative benefit
to the cultural and intellectual
heritage of humankind. It
entails several cases reports,
therapeutic interventions and
identification and description
of theories that influence ...
Irene Ansah completed a
Doctorate Program in Clinical
Psychology at Atlantic International
University.
MARCH, 2022.
These graduate students
completed the majority of the
requirements to obtain honors,
which included a 4.0 GPA,
published works, recommendation
from their respective
advisors, patent a product, etc.
Congratulations!
MARCH, 2022. These graduate students completed their program with a high cumulative
grade point average, which reflects the quality of performance within their respective major.
Congratulations!
Knowledge areas
MARCH 7, 2022. On
November 30, 2021,
Dr. Julius Kwaku
Kattah, an alumni of
Atlantic International
University has passed
through various
courses of the Institute of Chartered
Economist-ICEG (Ghana)
and subsequently awarded as
Fellow, Chartered Economist in
Accra-Ghana.
Important words from Dr.
Julius Kwaku Kattah: “This
award goes a long way
to reflect the good work
done by AIU throughout
my studies with AIU
Hawaii-USA.
I am dedicating the all
important Award to the
family of AIU and would like it
to be published for the encouragement
of all who are pursuing
various courses in AIU.”
Dr. Julius Kwaku Kattah completed
a Doctorate program in
International Economics at AIU.
| Vishal Vitthal Pawar Doctor of Philosop hy Computer Science Canada |
Sonal Vishal Pawar Doctor of Philosop hy Business Management Canada |
China
Stephany Garcia Montoya Bachelor of Science Nutrition Colombia |
Segundo Juan Zamudio Benavides Bachelor of Science Civil Engineering Colombia |
Hernando Vargas Uricoechea Doctor of Art History Art in Renaissance Colombia |
|
| Amilcar Demetrio Carrasco Rodriguez Master of Information Technology Cybersecurity Dominican Republic |
Carlos Alberto Adams Marcial Bachelor of Business Administration Business Administration Dominican Republic |
María del Carmen Reyes Leocadio Doctor of Education Education Dominican Republic |
Edwin de Jesús Joaquín Núñez Bachelor of Marketing Inbo und and Outbo und Marketing Dominican Republic |
Joel Antonio Quintana Abreu Bachelor of Accounting Accounting Dominican Republic |
Andrea Gallegos Vilema Bachelor of International Business Business Administration Ecuador |
| Wilfredo Castaneda Salinas Doctor of Education Education El Salvador |
Nathaniel Ebo Nsarko Doctor of Develop ment Communication Development Communication Ghana |
Enoch Relwende Bachelor of Arts Arts Ghana |
Michael Asamoah Arthur Certificate of Science Mechanical Engineering Ghana |
Silvia Frinee Lima Gudiel Bachelor of Science Psychology Guatemala |
Raúl Edgardo Torres Durán Bachelor of Science Nutrition Honduras |
| Laurence Norman Neufville Doctor of Science Geoinformation Technology Jamaica |
Ricardo Alexander Baccas Doctor of Philosop hy Mathematics Jamaica |
Vinnett Malcolm Doctor of Business Management Business Management Jamaica |
Brigitte Katshiete Mbuisi Eale Doctor of Science Maternal and Child Health Kenya |
David Gachunga Mwangi Bachelor of Management Procurement & Logistic Supply Chain Mgmt Kenya |
Roland Habet Doctor of Education Education Leba non |
| George Stivie Kenneth Willow Doctor of Business Administration Business Administration Malawi |
Oscar Anguiano Castro Doctor of Science Architecture Mexico |
Gerard Atabong Fossung Doctor of Philosop hy Computer Engineering Netherlands |
Adenuga Adeleke Francis Doctor of Education Education Nigeria |
Abdulrazak Adeshola Yusuf Doctor of Philosop hy Accounting Nigeria |
Mohammed Adamu Doctor of Philosop hy Accounting Nigeria |
| John-George Okwudiafor Master of Economics Transport Economics Nigeria |
Marwan Haruna Abdulkarim Doctor of Philosop hy Environmental Sustainability Nigeria |
Marcos Tulio Londoño Alvarez Doctor of Private Legal Studies Civil Legal Studies Panama |
Necitas C. Lojo Doctor of Science Nutrition Philipp ines |
David Bermudez Rosado Doctor of Business Administration Business Administration Puerto Rico |
Mydna I. Quiles López Bachelor of Science Nutrition Puerto Rico |
| Seramuka Ildephonse Doctor of Healthcare Administration Healthcare Administration Rwanda |
Ibrahim Abdulai Sawaneh Doctor of Science Computer Science Sierra Leone |
Sarah Lindy Maluleke Doctor of Business Administration Business Administration South Africa |
Bin Wang Bachelor of Education Education South Korea |
María José Fernández Bruno Bachelor of Psychology Psychology Spa in |
Sibusiso William Maseko Bachelor of Education Design and Technology Swaziland |
| Mélida R. Chavarría R. Bachelor of Science Psychological Counseling Switzerland |
Afadhali Taibu Afadhali Master of Finance Finance Tanzania |
Sevda Yapici Bachelor of Arts Business Administration Türkiye |
Cemile Aslı Üstünkaya Doctor of Business Administration Business Administration Türkiye |
Fatih Şahin Bachelor of Science Mechanical Engineering Türkiye |
Perette Arisnord Bachelor of Arts Social Work Turks and Caicos |
| Byaruhanga Stephen Rwaheru Doctor of Science Sustainable Energy Engineering Uganda |
Bladimir Alcivar Reinoso Chipantiza Doctor of Arts Human Rights US A |
Fongyi Lordson Muno Bachelor of Science Computer Engineering US A |
Tanechia Anderson Bachelor of Management Management US A |
Stéphania Noël Master of Social Work Social Work US A |
Sikandar Ali Malik Doctor of Philosop hy Chemical Engineering US A |
| Victor Oluwole Omosule Doctor of Business Administration Healthcare Management US A |
Kimberly Esthela Wood Salazar Bachelor of Science Psychology US A |
||||
Mercy Eberechukwu Opara
Doctor of Education
December 16, 2021
“My knowledge about AIU online
university was on my usual
way of navigating in the internet. Since
I just retired and my days were becoming
somehow boring to me despite some
social and religious activities. ... That
faithful evening ... when I saw AIU’s
advertisement, I pondered in my spirit
and felt that it could be an opportunity.
I jokingly clicked on application option
and provided my name, email and
phone number as requested. Instantly, I
got a call from Dr. Jaime Rotlewicz who
asked me of my interest to study with
AIU. I confirmed with some reservations
because of the cost considering
Nigeria devaluated currency. Another
thought was like, you have retired but
why do you want to go through this
stress again. Even my husband and
some of my children expressed same
concern. But I am conscious of what we
call “CONSUMATION” in education. That
education is a virtue in life and not just
for monetary gains. It is part of life and
has no age barrier but rather, it makes
one mentally active and more relevant
in his or her society. It limits one’s ...
READ FULL TEXT: https://www.aiu.edu/Testimonialdetail.html?It
emID=1787&rcid=73&pcid=63&cid=73
Stella Erebor
Doctor of Business Administration
December 23, 2021
“My studies at AIU have helped
me better understand myself
and my potential to positively influence
my organization, community, and
world. All the courses I undertook at
AIU were current, relevant, and applicable
to my contribution to work,
home, and community. The relevance
and applicability of the courses acted as
a strong motivation for my dedication
to the studies. It was a win on all sides
situation for me.
At AIU, my first subject of study was
an elective on Self Esteem and Human
relationship. I chose this course because
I needed to deepen my knowledge of the
topic. An in-depth understanding of the
concept of self-esteem is also necessary
for my pursuit to promote Child Online
Protection (COP). My studies at AIU on
self-esteem have deepened my understanding
of Child online behavior. Many
studies suggest the relationship between
self-esteem online behavior. Bergagna
and Tartaglia, 2018 suggest individuals
with lower self-esteem spend more
time on social media and have a higher
tendency of social comparison. ...
READ FULL TEXT: https://www.aiu.edu/Testimonialdetail.html?It
emID=1788&rcid=73&pcid=63&cid=73
Bernard Cyril Percy Kallee
Bachelor of Business Administration
January 24, 2022
“When I was 49 (2019), I became
an AIU student. I was
studying for a Bachelor’s in Business
Administration. It was the best thing
I’ve ever done. I learned a new way to
teach, which is based on three elements:
innovation, enterprise, global
citizenship, and sustainable futures. It
was a huge accomplishment to get my
degree. I had previously been studying
at the University of South Africa in the
same course. However, due to personal
reasons and a lack of motivation, my
studies were cancelled. AIU reviewed
my previous modules that I have completed
and granted some exemptions.
This was extremely important because
they didn’t ask me to start over.
The course was very enjoyable and I
learned a lot about customer service administration.
AIU allowed me to develop
my curriculum from a customer service
perspective. It is very helpful in keeping
me focused on what I needed to improve
my knowledge. Although the course can
be challenging and difficult, my tutors
are always available to answer any
questions via phone or email if ...
READ FULL TEXT: https://www.aiu.edu/Testimonialdetail.html?It
emID=1791&rcid=73&pcid=63&cid=73
Stephen Gowon John-Oti
Doctor of Forensic Accounting
January 27, 2022
“My fascination with Forensic
Accounting is borne out of
the pervasive preponderance of fraud,
corruption, crimes, sleaze and shortchanging
in my country, Nigeria and,
of course, the underdeveloped countries
of the world. Desirous of improving
the lot of the citizens and society in
general, humongous sums of money
are annually earmarked by Governments
and Funding Agencies (local and
International) to address the parlous
and decrepit state of infrastructure,
healthcare, education and other social
services. These sums are frittered away
through sundry illicit practices with no
trace. This is the bane of the development
and civilization in these societies.
I expect to contribute by assisting
Governments and agencies desirous
of meaningful development for the
communities in fostering schemes to
prevent such wanton and unchecked
misapplication of funds meant for
development. Armed with a Doctorate
degree in Forensic Accounting, I would
be in a stead to set up strategic engagement
with Government and ...
READ FULL TEXT: https://www.aiu.edu/Testimonialdetail.html?It
emID=1793&rcid=73&pcid=63&cid=73
Introduction
Managerial Economics is not
only valuable to managers of
the Fortune 500 companies but
it is also valuable to managers
of non-for-profits organizations.
Managerial economics is
valuable to a manager of a food
bank who must choose the best
means to distribute food to the
needy. It is also valuable to a
coordinator of a shelter for the
homeless whose primary goal
is to help the highest possible
number of the homeless given a
very limited budget. Managerial
economics provides important
insights into every area of the
business and nonbusiness world
we live in, including household
decision-making.
Manager. A manager is an
individual who directs resources
to achieve a given goal.
A manager can be an individual
who directs the efforts of other individuals including those
who delegate/assign tasks
within a firm, family or a club.
A manager is also an individual
who purchase inputs to be used
in the manufacturing of the
outputs (goods and services).
A manager can also be seen as
an individual that is in charge of making other decisions like
product quality and price.
Economics. Economics is
the science of making decisions
in the presence of scarce
resources (anything used to
produce goods and services).
Decisions are very important
because scarcity implies that by
making one choice, you give up
on another choice(s). Economic
decisions involve the allocation
of the scarce resources and it
is the role of the manager to
allocate the scarce resources so
as to meet the manager’s goal.
Managerial Economics. It is
the study of how to direct the
scarce resources in the manner
that most efficiently achieves
the managerial goal. Managerial
economics is a broad field
as it describes the methods
that are useful for directing
everything from the resources
of a household to maximize
a household welfare, to the
resources of a company to
maximize the company profits.
The key in making good
decisions is to know what
information that is needed to
make an informed decision and
to collect and process the data
for the information.
Managerial economics is a
branch of economics involving
the application of economic
methods in the managerial
decision-making process. Managerial economics aims
to provide a framework for
decision making which are directed
to maximize the profits
and outcomes of a company.
—Wikipedia
Effective management in
Managerial Economics
Effective management must
have the following principles:
1. Identify the goals and the
constraints. In making
sound decisions, the first
step is to have a well-defined
goal because achieving
a different goal entails making
different decisions. For
example, when the goal of
a food bank is to distribute
food to the needy people in
urban areas, its decision and
optimal distribution network
will be different from
its decision and the optimal
distribution network it will
use to distribute food to the
needy inner-city residents.
Constraints are an artifact
of scarcity and constraints
make it very difficult for a
manager to achieve goals
such as maximizing of
profits or increasing the
firm’s market share. Constraints
include the available
technology and the
price of the inputs used in
manufacturing.
2. Recognize the nature and
Importance of profits. Maximizing
profits or the firm’s
value is the overall goal of
majority of firms. Profits can
either be Accounting profits
(which are the sum total
amount of money taken in
from sales that is total revenue)
and Economic profits
(the difference between the
total revenue and the total
opportunity cost of manufacturing
the firm’s good or
services). The opportunity
cost of using a resources
include both the accounting/
explicit cost of that resource
and the implicit cost of
giving up the best alternative.
The opportunity cost
of manufacturing a good or
service is generally high the
accounting cost.
3. Understand incentives.
Incentives affect how the
resources are used and how
hard workers work. The
changes in the profits provide
an incentive to resource
holders to alter their use of
the resources. To distinguish
between the world business
envrionment as it is and the
way you wish it were is the
first step in constructive
incentives.
4. Understand markets. There
are the two sides to every
transaction in a market
in that for every buyer of
goods, there is a corresponding
seller. The ability of a
manager in a firm to meet
performance objectives will
depend on the extent to
which the company product
is affected by these sources
of rivalry. Consumer–producer
rivalry, which occurs
because of the competing interest
of consumers and the
produces, consumers made
attempt to locate/negotiate
low prices while producers
make attempt to negotiate
high prices; consumer rivalry
which arises because of the
economic doctrine of scarcity,
it reduces the negotiating
power of the consumers
in the market place; producer–
producer rivalry, which
occurs when the multiple
sellers of a product compete
in the marketplace.
5. Recognize the time value of
money. It is important that a
manager of a firm recognize
that $1 today is worth more
than the $1 received in the
future because the opportunity
cost of receiving the $1
in the future is the forgone
interest that could be earned
were $1 received today. The
opportunity cost also reflects
the time value of money.
6. Use marginal analysis. It
is one of the most important
managerial tools and
it states that the optimal
managerial decisions involve
comparing.
Conclusion
Managerial economies applies
the most important theories
and concepts from the two
closely related areas of economies
(microeconomics and
industrial organizations) to
create systematic, logical way
of analyzing business practices
and the tactics designed
to get the best profit as well as
formulating the strategies for
protecting and sustaining these
profits in the long run.
Microeconomics is the study
and the analysis of the individual
behavior of consumers,
business corporations, workers
and owners of resources,
industries and the markets of
goods and services. Microeconomics
develops a number
of foundation concept and
the optimization technique
that explain the every business
decisions managers must
routinely making in day to day
running of a business. The decisions
includes deciding how
much of the various productive
inputs to buy in order to produce
the chosen output level at
lowest total cost, choosing the
profit maximizing production
level, allocating production
between two or more production
plants located in different
places, choosing how much the
firm spends on advertising and
setting the profit maximizing
prices for the goods the company
sells.
We are living in a world
that seems to be aimless.
The question we ask ourselves
is: what happens to us as a
society that with so much science,
so much technology and
generations and generations of
applications, the society we are
creating doesn’t give the satisfied
life that it was supposed
to be. If we start to analyze the
history of humanity, it seemed
that the more science and
technology we had, we would
reach paradise and it hasn’t
been like that.
We lived in a world where
science was done in order to
know and the products of that
knowledge gave a peaceful life
to one part of society and the
other part seemed to be fine.
At what point did science leave
this path?
Science left this path when
the surplus of its applications
was already sought and
the power of human beings
was sharpened. Today we
have trade that is produced
in different places and at the
lowest cost and is distributed
from the closest point.
Needs are generated to carry
out more trade, which has created
an imbalance in resources:
there’s the problem of nonrenewable
resources and those
that are generated and made
necessary through marketing.
Nowadays we have a pandemic
that mutates and
mutates and another pandemic
whose virus is the power in the
rulers, power in wealth, power
through education to maintain
populism and dictatorships. The
foregoing has given us a world
that needs a clear path for a life
of the planet and of the human
beings that live on it.
“…should the curriculum be
designed in permanent concert
with socio-economic needs? or
on the contrary, should (sic)
conform to the challenges that
society poses?... (Moreno Flores,
2021, p. 3)
The education that is the
basis of growth for the wellbeing
of human beings is oriented
to support populism and
dictatorships: the life of human
beings and the planet are not
on the agenda. When it is said
that Finland has the best results
in the tests that are done
to measure the knowledge of
its students, it is forgotten
what the country does or what
it has in its educational system that gives those results.
What the country does is let
students choose the knowledge
that the programs determine,
but at the level at which they
feel capable of achieving that
knowledge. Yes, they have to
do a program but they choose
the subjects within the cycle at
the level that they feel capable
of obtaining the knowledge.
We know that education
is based worldwide as mass
education: these are the levels
and students must take them
in this cycle. The optional subjects
appear but in any case,
from the set of such, these options
must be taken from this
cycle. Education became massive
after World War II because
rapid industrialization had to
be generated.
Nowadays it’s necessary
and forced to remove education
from being a weapon for
the support of populism and
dictatorships. To do the above,
education must be thought for
society, to generate the quality
of life that human beings claim.
To develop a science for society
and not for commerce, we
have to stop students attending
programs designed for banking
education where the student
only keeps the information
that is convenient for governments
to stay in power.
Education for society asks,
demands, that there be objectives
that allow the social
results for which what is
learned is learned. Don’t stay
in the quantification and yes
build the result for your community,
for your country and
for the world.
Students are so domesticated
in banking education that
when they are asked for solutions
for their community, for
their country and for the world
they say: why so many things
and they bother themselves.
The United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) are
conducting studies to determine
what we need to have in
education by 2050. Through
the International Institute
for Higher Education in Latin
America, work is being done on
the needs that Higher Education
must satisfy. These results
were published in May 2021.
UNESCO. Think beyond limits.
Perspectives on the Futures of
Higher Education to 2050. May
25, 2021. https://www.iesalc.unesco.
org/2021/05/26/informe-sobre-elfuturo-
de-la-educacion-superiorpreve-
respuestas-colectivas-y-holisticas-
a-los-retos- mundiales/
UNESCO works and results in
the following proposal embodied
in the document: Roads
Towards 2050 and Beyond.https://
www.iesalc.unesco.org/wp-content/
uploads/2021/11/Pathways-to-
2050-and-beyond_ESP-1.pdf
The document sets out the
following objectives:
1. Quality of life. Access to education
must be expanded.
2. Social change. An economic,
socio-political and
cultural transformation
must be made.
3. Take care of the environment.
Caring for the
environment, which is the
place that makes life possible
for us.
4. Development of technology.
A relationship must be created
between technology and
education. Remember that
by 2050 the world population
will be digitally literate.
What should be clear to us is
that everything that happens
in the world we live in is the
product of an education based
on the repetition of concepts.
Before this use of education,
political power was achieved
through arms; today through
education.
All the problems we have
with the Covid-19 pandemic
come from the meaning that
the vast majority of world
citizens have given to it due to
the scant capacity for reasoning
and knowledge originating
from a banking education.
There is technology but the
vast majority of human beings
are only attentive to social networks.
Through them, marketing
is managed.
It has cost for the rulers and
citizens dearly the management
of education as a means
of populism or dictatorship and
now those who have power,
whatever it may be, seek new
ways to manipulate with more
lies or by force suppressing the
rights humans.
We are facing a new order
in our world. We have to think
that: only the education
in which we seek the
truth of scientific thinking
together with the
why —in our community,
in our country and in
the world— is what will
save us from everything
we are living today.
Analyze your atlantic International
University holistic
program and finish your work
with solutions for your community,
for your country and
for the world.
Also read some of the books
that are offered in the seminars
so that you know in which
world you live.
The professions are
worked in a society.
Find out in which society
you will develop
your knowledge.
Let us work for education
for society and
achieve the well-being
we all need.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. Moreno Flores, J. 2021. El diseño curricular como puente entre universidad y sociedad. Madrid:
Paraninfo. • UNESCO. Caminos hacia 2050 y más allá. Retrieved from: https://www.iesalc.unesco.org/wp-content/
uploads/2021/11/Pathways-to-2050-and-beyond_ESP-1.pdf • UNESCO. Pensar más allá de los límites. Perspectivas sobre
los futuros de la educación superior hasta 2050--25 de mayo de 2021. Retrieved from: https://www.iesalc.unesco.
org/2021/05/26/informe-sobre-el-futuro-de-la-educacion-superior-preve-respuestas-colectivas-y-holisticas-a-los-retos-mundiales/
I grew up in China and was still developing
my English skills, so I was
nervous when I emailed my Ph.D. supervisor
the first draft of a manuscript.
One week later, he sent it back full of
changes. At first, I was frustrated ...
But after I took a closer look, I realized
where I’d gone astray. He had shortened
many of my sentences and commented
that I should avoid unnecessarily long
and complicated phrases. The advice
was counter to what I’d learned when
studying for English language proficiency
exams. Showing off complex
grammar and advanced vocabulary had
always brought higher scores, so that’s
how I approached writing. But I clearly
had more lessons left to learn. ...
At first, I sometimes sat at my
computer all day and only ended up with 200 words of text. I couldn’t tell
whether my writing was any good.
Every time I composed a sentence, I
imagined someone laughing at it.
One day I’d had enough of writing
the same sentence over and over.
I decided to write the first draft of
a manuscript as quickly as possible.
That’s when something magical happened:
The sentences seemed to flow
out of me, and in a few hours I had a
rough draft. I had to go back and edit
my work later, but it was a relief to
have text to work with —and to know
that my draft could only get better. ...
I now think through my simplified
message before I start to write. I also ...
Read full text:
About 8500 years ago, hunter-gatherers
living beside Eagle Lake in Wisconsin
hammered out a conical, 10-cmlong
projectile point made of pure
copper. The finely crafted point, used to
hunt big game, highlights a New World
technological triumph —and a puzzle.
A new study of that artifact and other
traces of prehistoric mining concludes
that what is known as the Old Copper
Culture emerged, then mysteriously
faded, far earlier than once thought.
The dates show that early Native
Americans were among the first people
in the world to mine metal and fashion
it into tools. They also suggest a regional
climate shift might help explain why,
after thousands of years, the pioneering
metallurgists abruptly stopped making
most copper tools and largely returned
to stone and bone implements.
Earth’s largest and purest copper
deposits are found around North
America’s Great Lakes. At some point,
Native Americans learned to harvest
the ore and heat, hammer, and grind it
into tools. They left behind thousands
of mines and countless copper artifacts,
including lethal projectile points, hefty
knives and axes, and petite fish hooks
and awls. Today, it’s not uncommon
to meet residents of the region “who
have buckets of copper artifacts [that
they’ve found] tucked away in their
basements,” says David Pompeani, a
geologist at Kansas State University ...
Read full text:
Covid-19 may cause greater loss of
gray matter and tissue damage in
the brain than naturally occurs in people
who have not been infected with the virus,
a large new study found. The study,
published March 7 in the journal Nature,
is believed to be the first involving
people who underwent brain scans both
before they contracted Covid and months
after. Neurological experts who were not
involved in the research said it was valuable
and unique, but they cautioned that
the implications of the changes were unclear
and did not necessarily suggest that
people might have lasting damage or
that the changes might profoundly affect
thinking, memory or other functions.
The study, involving people aged 51 to
81, found shrinkage and tissue damage
primarily in brain areas related to sense
of smell; some of those areas are also
involved in other brain functions, the
researchers said.
With normal aging, people lose a tiny
fraction of gray matter each year. For
example, in regions related to memory,
the typical annual loss is between 0.2
percent and 0.3 percent, the researchers
said. But Covid patients in the study —
who underwent their second brain scan
an average of four and a half months
after their infection— lost more than
noninfected participants, experiencing
between 0.2 percent and 2 percent additional
gray matter loss in different brain
regions over the three years between
scans. They also lost more overall brain
volume and showed more tissue damage
in certain areas. ...
Astronomers spend their careers looking
up at the sky, away from Earth,
but now some stargazers say their field
has to grapple with the fact that observing
the cosmos is contributing to their
home planet’s climate emergency. A new
estimate of the greenhouse gas emissions
linked to all ground- and spacebased
telescopes, in the journal Nature
Astronomy, says the annual carbon footprint
of astronomy’s research infrastructure
is equivalent to about 20 million
metric tons of carbon dioxide.
“Just to give you some perspective
—20 million tonnes of CO2— this is the
annual carbon footprint of countries like
Estonia, Croatia, or Bulgaria," says Jürgen
Knödlseder, an astronomer at IRAP,
an astrophysics laboratory in France.
He and IRAP colleagues including Annie
Hughes and Luigi Tibaldo got the idea
to do this study while making an estimate
of the greenhouse gas emissions
from their own institute.
“The only missing piece of our assessment
was the footprint of the
observational data,” says Knödlseder,
whose own research, for example, has
relied on observations made with the
Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. ...
By dividing up the total annual emissions
by the number of astronomers
worldwide, the researchers figure that
each astronomer’s share of the profession’s
emissions is around 36 metric
tons per year. ...
Read full text
In 2008, when Mike Schultz found his
prosthetic leg wasn’t strong enough
for him to continue competing in
snowmobile racing, he went away and
designed his own. This year the defending
Winter Paralympic snowboard
cross champion wants to help as many
other adaptive athletes as he can as he
looks to his next stage of life.
“I’m ready to turn the page,” he
says. “The last two years have meant
a lot of sacrifice for our family. It’s
cool I can create the tools that bridge
the gap to what was once deemed
impossible.”...
Mike is the founder of BioDapt Inc,
a prosthetics business, and he won the
silver medal in the men’s snowboard
cross SB-LL1 event at the 2022 Winter
Paralympics held in Beijing, China. ...
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For many architects, being distinguished
with awards is a mandatory
stepping stone to more prestigious
commissions. And there’s no bigger
award than the annual Pritzker Architecture
Prize. It was announced today
[March 15] that the 2022 Pritzker Prize was awarded to the 56-year-old architect,
Diébédo Francis Kéré. With this
prize, the Burkina Faso-born architect
will receive $100,000 and a bronze
medallion. But more significantly,
perhaps, is that his name will now be
included in the same echelon as past
Pritzker winners: Philip Johnson, James
Stirling, Rem Koolhaas, Zaha Hadid,
Oscar Niemeyer, I.M. Pei, Norman Foster,
and Tadao Ando, to name a few.
Since its founding in 1979, the
Pritzker has generally been awarded
to familiar celebrity “starchitects.” In
recent years, the jury of experts have
refocused their gaze on lesser-known
practices around the world, socially
conscious firms championing design as
a catalyst for the greater good. ...
Read full text:
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On farms, properties, and stations
across Australia, you’ll find women
riding horses, mustering cattle, fixing
fences and harvesting crops. But why
are most of them wearing jeans made
for men? It’s a question that’s been
at the back of Claudia Fox’s mind for
almost a decade. ...
Fed up with the options for women,
it was an accident that finally prompted
Ms Fox to create her own jeans
label. ... ensuring she met the two criteria
women wanted in a pair of jeans:
consistency of sizing and of quality. ...
In July 2020, Claudia put the first 120
pairs of CHUTE 9 jeans online for sale.
The reaction from country women was
resounding, and the collection sold out
within the month. ...
Read full text
Resistant starch is a type of carbohydrate
that doesn’t get digested in
your small intestine. Instead, it ferments
in your large intestine and feeds beneficial
gut bacteria. This type of starch
provides numerous health benefits and
has fewer calories than regular starch. ...
Type 1. Found in partially milled
seeds and grains, as well as in some
dense starchy foods. This type is stuck
within fibrous cell walls. So it’s not
digested. Type 2. Found in starchy
foods like raw bananas and potatoes.
Indigestible because they are compact,
which makes it hard for digestive
enzymes to break them down. Type 3.
The most resistant. Found in foods that
have been cooked and cooled, such as
bread and cornflakes. The process of
cooling turns some of the starches into
resistant starches. Type 4. This type
of starch is man-made and is usually
found in bread and cakes.
Some benefits of resistant starch are:
1. Boosts gut health • 2. Keeps your colon
healthy • 3. Encourages high levels
of insulin sensitivity • 4. Lowers risks
for certain conditions • 5. Encourages
weight loss.
Some foods high in resistant starch
are: Rice or potatoes that have been
cooked and cooled • Whole grains such
as barley and oats • Plantains • Green
bananas (not yellow or ripe bananas,
which have regular starch). ...
Read full text:
Executive function describes a set
of cognitive processes and mental
skills that help an individual plan,
monitor, and successfully execute their
goals. The “executive functions,” as
they’re known, include attentional
control, working memory, inhibition,
and problem-solving, many of which
are thought to originate in the brain’s
prefrontal cortex. ...
Many experts believe that the human
mind contains seven different executive
functions: self-awareness, inhibition,
nonverbal working memory (shortterm
memory related to sensory and
spatial information), verbal working
memory (short-term memory related
to speech and language), emotional
regulation, motivational regulation, and planning and problem-solving.
Someone who struggles with executive
functioning will likely have trouble
starting or finishing tasks, executing
multiple steps of a project in sequence,
and keeping their belongings organized.
They may struggle to make decisions or
lose important items frequently.
Issues with impulse or emotional
control are a less obvious sign of an
executive functioning deficit. ...
Executive dysfunction —sometimes
called executive function disorder, or
EFD— may appear similar to ADHD;
indeed, some experts posit that ADHD is
itself a disorder of executive function.
People with ADHD —especially children—
...
Read full text:
Started in 2008, the Great Green Wall
is a monumental initiative to regenerate
the semi-arid northern Sahel region
to prevent the Sahara from spreading
southwards. The idea is to plant
millions of trees on a strip of land about
8,000km long and 15km wide crossing
the African continent from Senegal to
Djibouti. To give an idea of the scale of
the project, the planned route is almost
as long as the distance between Paris
and Beijing (8,200km). In addition to
the goal of restoring 100 million hectares
of degraded land by 2030, the Great
Green Wall aims to capture 250 million
tonnes of carbon. It will also improve
food security and create millions of jobs
in the affected regions.
At present, this ambitious project
is only about 15 percent complete,
according to the latest estimates. But
some $20 billion has recently been
pledged at international level to push it
forward and hopefully reach the target
in eight years. Eleven countries in the
Sahel belt are involved in this ecological
restoration project. However, only a
handful have made significant contributions
in the decade since launch. As
detailed in our infographic, over the
period 2008-2019, Ethiopia accounted
for more than half of the restored land
in the project’s area of focus, followed
by Niger (20 percent), Eritrea (15 percent)
and Senegal (3 percent). ...
Statista offers daily infographics about trending topics
such as Economy & Finance, Politics & Society, Tech &
Media, Health & Environment, Consumer, Sports ...
Social media has exposed the wider
world to remote and beautiful wilderness
once only seen in coffee table
books, at slide nights or by the eyes
of an adventurous few. So while the
instagrammable aesthetics of these locations
inspire more people to head out
into Tasmania’s wild areas, their newfound
popularity is coming at a price.
“In a nature perspective it makes
locations that were not as well known
much more known and visited,” said
Mark Williams, a lecturer in physical
geography and spatial science at the
University of Tasmania.
“More people are out in nature
experiencing the mental and physical
benefits, but some places are becoming
degraded as more and more people visit these fragile sites.” He pointed to
Wellington Park’s Disappearing Tarn,
which was once only known through
local knowledge, and Lake Rhona in the
south-west, which became popular via
social media but started having issues
with toilet paper litter.
“When you’re sharing your photographs
from your trips, it’s fine to
share them, but think about sharing
some of the more sensitive locations
with just small groups of people rather
than your entire network.
“Consider stripping the geotag from
some of the photographs of particularly
sensitive areas.” ...
Read full text:
Parents in Wales can no longer
spank, slap, hit or shake kids,
according to a new law outlawing all
physical punishments for children.
According to The Guardian, corporal
punishment had been included as
“reasonable punishment” in England
and Wales since Victorian times, but
that defense no longer applies.
“Until now, children were the only
group in our society who it was acceptable
to strike in certain circumstances,”
Viv Laing, the policy and
public affairs manager at the National
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Children (NSPCC) Cymru Wales,
told The Guardian. “We don’t allow
the physical punishment of adults or
animals, so it is absurd that we have
for so long with children.” But not everyone is happy with the
law. Some conservatives expressed
concern that the law would lead to
a “Stasi culture” in which citizens
become informants and turn in their
neighbors to law enforcement for parenting
choices. But Deputy Minister for
Social Services Julie Morgan rejected
the notion. “We don’t want people
spying,” she said, before adding,
“Looking after children is the responsibility
of the whole community.”
The law, which applies to both residents
of and visitors to Wales, is being
hailed as “historic” by the Welsh government.
But Wales is hardly the first
country to outlaw corporal punishment.
In 1979, Sweden became the first nation
to make striking a child ...
The Greenland shark is believed to be
the longest living vertebrate, with
some living up to 500 years. The animal
is just the second ever found in the UK,
and the first to have a full post-mortem
examination. Analysis also revealed
it was a female, and likely to have
live-stranded.
Rob Deaville, from the Zoological
Society of London’s Cetacean Strandings
Investigation Programme, said it was
difficult to put an age on the shark. The
eye lenses and a section of vertebra have
been sent to experts who can make a
better estimate. He said: “There has been
a lot of work in the past though showing
this species is potentially the longestlived
vertebrate on the planet, one or two
have been been aged up to 400 or maybe 500 years old. Now this animal certainly
isn’t that old but is it 100-plus years
old? Quite possibly, but we need to get
those samples sent off before we can get
a better handle on that.”
He said it may have been the same
shark reported as stranding off Brittany
recently. “They are weird and wonderful
animals. They have a particular type
of parasite that is only found on the
eyeball of the Greenland shark, and they
have very unusual dental morphology
with different teeth on the lower jaw ...
As well as trying to determine its
age, scientists hope to learn about its
diet, movements, and any man-made
pollutants that may be present. ...
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“If you do not breathe
through writing,
if you do not cry out
in writing,
or sing in writing,
then don't write,
because our culture
has no use for it.”
The Bachelor of American History
(BA) program objective is to provide
students with a rich and complex understanding
of U.S. history, society and
cultures of the past and present; focusing
on literature, social science or history.
The degree prepares students for
opportunities in business, politics, law,
education, government, journalism and
other related careers. The Bachelor of
American History (BA) program is offered
online via distance learning. After
evaluating both academic record and
life experience, AIU staff working in
conjunction with Faculty and Academic
Advisors will assist students in setting
up a custom-made program, designed
on an individual basis. This flexibility
to meet student needs is seldom found
in other distance learning programs.
Our online program does not require
all students to take the same subjects/
courses, use the same books, or
learning materials. Instead, the online
Bachelor of American History (BA) curriculum
is designed individually by the
student and academic advisor.
It specifically addresses strengths
and weaknesses with respect to market
opportunities in the student’s major
and intended field of work. Understanding
that industry and geographic
factors should influence the content of
the curriculum instead of a standardized
one-fits-all design is the hallmark
of AIU’s unique approach to adult education.
This philosophy addresses the
dynamic and constantly changing environment
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the scope of the degree program.
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In some cases, accredited colleges
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influence the respective authorities. In the event
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AIU students can be found in over 180 countries,
they actively participate and volunteer
in their communities as part of their academic
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regards to the following: academic program
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AIU graduation documents can include
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The School of Business and Economics
allows aspiring and practicing
professionals, managers, and entrepreneurs
in the private and public sectors
to complete a self paced distance
learning degree program of the highest
academic standard.
The ultimate goal is to empower
learners and help them take advantage
of the enormous array of resources
from the world environment in order
to eliminate the current continuum of
poverty and limitations.
Degree programs are designed for
those students whose professional experience has been in business,
marketing, administration, economics,
finance and management.
The School of Social and Human Studies
is focused on to the development of
studies which instill a core commitment
to building a society based on social and
economic justice and enhancing opportunities
for human well being.
The founding principles lie on the
basic right of education as outlined
in the Declaration of Human Rights.
We instill in our students a sense of
confidence and self reliance in their
ability to access the vast opportunities
available through information channels,
the world wide web, private, public,
nonprofit, and nongovernmental organizations in an ever expanding
global community.
Degree programs are aimed towards
those whose professional life has been
related to social and human behavior,
with the arts, or with cultural studies.
The School of Science and Engineering
seeks to provide dynamic, integrated,
and challenging degree programs
designed for those whose experience
is in industrial research, scientific production,
engineering and the general
sciences. Our system for research and
education will keep us apace with the
twenty-first century reach scientific
advance in an environmentally and
ecologically responsible manner to allow
for the sustainability of the human
population. We will foster among our
students a demand for ethical behavior,
an appreciation for diversity, an understanding
of scientific investigation, knowledge of design innovation, a
critical appreciation for the importance
of technology and technological change
for the advancement of humanity.
With access to a global catalog created and maintained collectively by more than
9,000 participating institutions, AIU students have secured excellent research
tools for their study programs.